Gentlemen, start your tractors.
Neighbors, hold your breath.
In farm country, some proud producers say, “We feed the
world,” but though Illinois is the second-largest corn- producing state, 98% of
corn grown in Illinois is field corn used for industrial purposes, not
consumption by humans.
Of that, 98% of Illinois corn is used for ethanol
production, according to the Farm Bureau, and somewhere between 7% and 15% is
used for animal feed or industrial food products such as sweeteners and syrup.
Further, about half is exported (depending on shipping disruptions or tariffs and
other market factors).
Regardless of crops’ end-use purposes, agribusiness for
decades has increasingly relied on pesticides and fertilizers, and the United
States saw higher yields of commodity crops thanks at least in part to
agrichemicals sprayed from airplanes, drones, tractors and handheld devices.
“[But] these chemicals can drift through the air or run off
into nearby rivers and streams,” said Ben Felder of Investigate Midwest. “And
for decades, some farmers and pesticide users have developed neurological and
respiratory issues. Thousands of lawsuits have alleged that pesticides and the
companies that make them were to blame.”
The Tri-County area (with 989 farms in Peoria County, 869 in
Tazewell, and 997 in Woodford, according to the USDA Census of Agriculture) has
a pesticide use rate about eight times the national average of 197.3 kilograms
(435 pounds) per square mile, and a cancer rate about 10% higher than what the
National Cancer Institute says is the national rate: 453 cases per 100,000
people. (See box below.)
“Illinois’ industrial agriculture system is responsible for
toxic pesticide exposure across communities adjacent to farmland, like here in
the central part of the state, where winds carry these carcinogenic chemicals
across our parks and playgrounds, exposing children and families with no notice,”
Illinois Environmental Council’s Conservation and Sustainable Agriculture
Program Officer Lindsay Keeney told the Community Word. “Pesticide applicators
are not required to notify schools before spraying, but we’re working to change
that.”
Correlation isn’t cause, but connections cause concerns.
“Cancer is a complex disease and can be caused by numerous
environmental and genetic factors,” Felder said. “Some links have been clear —
such as smoking and lung cancer — while other forms can be impossible to trace
back to an original cause. But scientific research linking pesticides with
certain types of cancers has been growing.”
One study –“Comprehensive assessment of pesticide use
patterns and increased cancer risk” in the journal Frontiers in Cancer Control
and Society – reported that “the impact of pesticide use on cancer incidence
may rival that of smoking,” wrote the scientists, who linked pesticides to
prostate, lung, pancreas and colon cancers, plus associated pesticides with
lymphoma and Parkinson’s disease.
Also, cancer development can range from months to decades. But
displaying cancer rates on a map of the nation’s top crop and vegetable growing
regions, where pesticide use is highest, is revealing. Illinois, Iowa, Missouri
and Nebraska — leading corn-growing states — have the country’s highest cancer rates
In Iowa, the legislature seemed to recognize the connection,
but last year responded by proposing a law protecting pesticide manufacturers
from some lawsuits, not residents. Iowa’s state Senate passed the bill (Senate
File 2412) one year ago, 30-19. But ahead of a vote in the House, lobbying by farmer,
public health and environmental groups made a difference.
“I call myself a Republican, but this is not about politics,”
commented Bill Billings, a resident of Red Oak, Iowa, who was diagnosed with
cancer in 2024. “This is about money, about the almighty dollar,”
Iowa’s legislative session ended without the House taking up
a vote, although he bill could return in 2026,
In Illinois, lawmakers are trying to prioritize public
health.
“House Bill 1596 would require certified pesticide
applicators to provide written notice before spraying to private and public
schools, daycares and public parks and playgrounds near the application site,”
Keeney said. “The notification requirement would apply only to large-scale
operations that use boom sprayers, tractor-mounted sprayers, and airplanes to
apply weed killers — not residential applications.
“Large applicators should have a real responsibility not to expose their
neighbors to dangerous chemicals without their knowledge,” she added. “Our
partners at Prairie Rivers Network have called this “chemical trespass,” and
they’re right. It’s not safe. It’s not okay. And it is time for the Illinois
General Assembly to step up and put in place real protections for central and
southern Illinois communities, children, and ecosystems. Sponsored by eight
lawmakers, all Democrats, HB1596 was introduced in January 2025. The bill
passed the Energy & Environment Committee on March 15, 2025, underwent
amendments and was sent to the Rules Committee, which approve it for
consideration on Feb. 11 this year and got a second reading two days later.
There’s been no action since March 6.
Nationally, both progressive environmental groups and
conservative health movements have called for reducing or eliminating the use
of pesticides.
“Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.,
a longtime critic of pesticides, in a May 2025 report from his Make America
Healthy Again commission, linked pesticide overuse to children’s health issues,
which drew praise from both political camps,” Felder said. However, “three months
later, Kennedy’s MAHA commission published its final report, which contained no
calls to further regulate pesticides. In fact, it called for the federal
government to work with large agrichemical companies to ensure public
“awareness and confidence” in the EPA’s current pesticide regulations.”
Investigate Midwest’s new
research, released Feb. 18, shows metro Peoria’s three counties’ pesticide use
rate per square mile and cancer rate per 100,000 people:
PEORIA
Pesticide rate 1,048
lbs.
Cancer rate 501 cases
TAZEWELL
Pesticide rate 1,413
lbs.
Cancer rate 504 cases
WOODFORD
Pesticide rate 1,520
lbs.
Cancer rate 502 cases
In context, the U.S.
pesticide rate per square mile is 435 lbs., Investigate Midwest reports, and
the cancer rate is about 453 per 100,000 people, according to the National
Cancer Institute.
Investigate
Midwest’s “Pesticide use and cancer risk rise together across America’s
heartland” analyzed data across the country, interviewed more than 100 farmers,
environmentalists, lawmakers and scientists as part of a partnership with the
Pulitzer Center’s StoryReach U.S. Fellowship and supported by the Fund for
Investigative Journalism. For the complete original piece, go to https://investigatemidwest.org/2026/02/18/pesticide-use-and-cancer-risk-rise-together-across-americas-heartland/